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From Wine History

Applying for ‘editor’ access	Main Page	Professor Isak (Sakkie) Pretorius
Sandbox	The Australian Wine Research Institute	Tissue analysis for determination of nutrient status
Wine History	Wine History/A new biotype of phylloxera kills grafted vines	Wine History/A patent filed for the use of reverse osmosis for alcohol reduction
Wine History/Acceptance grafting scions onto rootstocks	Wine History/Accurate measurement of alcohol by ebulliometery	Wine History/Advances in the control of pests and diseases (replace with something like: First demonstration that ethanol formed by the fermentation of sugar (PAH)
Wine History/Advances in the control of pests and diseases (replace with something like: Grape sugar identified as glucose (PAH)	Wine History/Agglomerate corks	Wine History/Amino acid precursors in grapes release potent thiol compounds
Wine History/Ancient winemaking spreads from Egypt and Phoenicia	Wine History/Appearance of vintage, age-worthy wines	Wine History/Application of bag-in-box packaging of wine
Wine History/Application of ethephon and paclobutralzol to inhibit vegetative growth	Wine History/Application of sulfur dust to control fungal disease and outbreak of phylloxera	Wine History/Application of sulphur dust to control fungal disease and outbreak of phylloxera
Wine History/Approaches to minimise risks of spoilage by Brettanomyces	Wine History/Australian producers begin to return to the screw cap	Wine History/Automated expert systems
Wine History/Bacteria identified as cause of malic acid conversion	Wine History/Bag-in-box idea for wine packaging patented	Wine History/Bench-grafting large-scale production of resistant rootstocks
Wine History/Benchmark trial of different bottle closures	Wine History/Bentonite for wine clarification	Wine History/Better understanding of the relationship between tannin and quality
Wine History/Bio-pesticides	Wine History/Biologically-effective day degrees adjusted for latitude and daily temperature range	Wine History/Bordeaux mixture for downy control
Wine History/Canopy management expanded across a range of climates	Wine History/Centrifuge technology for clarifying juice and wine	Wine History/Centrifuge technology for clarifying juice and wine first used in Australia
Wine History/Characterisation of the malolactic enzyme system	Wine History/Chemical age index for wine published	Wine History/Chemical characterization of wild ferment wines
Wine History/Clare Valley producers bottle 2000 vintage Riesling under screw cap	Wine History/Climatic classifications published	Wine History/Closterovirus recognized as the cause of leaf roll
Wine History/Cold stabilisation of wine first applied	Wine History/Commercial use of growth regulators	Wine History/Commercialisation of a flavour-enhancing mixture of three wine yeasts
Wine History/Commercialisation of a wine yeast for the reduction of ethyl carbamate formation	Wine History/Commercialisation of a wine yeasts for the reduction of H2S	Wine History/Commercialisation of malolactic wine yeast
Wine History/Commercialisation of new interspecific yeast strains	Wine History/Commercialisation of the first freeze-dried cultures of malolactic	Wine History/Construction of a wine yeast deletion library
Wine History/Continuous improvement of refrigerated stainless steel fermentors	Wine History/Continuous screw press patented	Wine History/Continuous starter culture production
Wine History/Continuous systems	Wine History/Control of bacterial spoilage of fortified wines by pH	Wine History/Cork taint
Wine History/Crystal structure for grape haze-forming protein solved	Wine History/DNA fingerprinting used for grape variety identification	Wine History/Degree day index for regional climate classification
Wine History/Delete this page	Wine History/Delete this page 2	Wine History/Delete this page 3
Wine History/Detection of compounds in smoke affected grapes & wine	Wine History/Development micro-oxygenation technology	Wine History/Development of Partial Rootzone Drying (PRD) irrigation
Wine History/Development of a simple tannin assay	Wine History/Development of drip irrigation systems	Wine History/Development of first membranes for reverse osmosis
Wine History/Development of first membranes for reverse osmosis (Repetition of above-delete (PAH)	Wine History/Development of flavour-enhancing wine yeast prototypes	Wine History/Development of gas chromatography to allow study of aroma compounds
Wine History/Development of high-level grafting techniques for top-working	Wine History/Development of in-bottle measurement of oxygen	Wine History/Development of integrated mechanical pruning and harvesting systems
Wine History/Development of low-alcohol wine yeast prototypes	Wine History/Development of mechanical shoot thinning machines	Wine History/Development of metal twist-off bottle closures
Wine History/Development of more precise barrel prunning mechanical systems	Wine History/Development of regulated deficit irrigation strategies	Wine History/Development of the Potter drainer and fermentor
Wine History/Development of the Te-Kauwahata twin-tier and Scott-Henry training systems	Wine History/Development of the first vertical stroke action mechanical harvesters	Wine History/Diatomaceous earth filtration introduced
Wine History/Discovery of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mating types and genetic crossing of yeast	Wine History/Discovery of cineole as the cause of minty eucalypt character in red wine	Wine History/Discovery of enzymes
Wine History/Discovery of rotundone in peppery Shiraz	Wine History/Discovery of the ‘fermentation enzyme’	Wine History/Discovery of the ‘fermentation enzyme’ (replace with: Accurate measurement of alcohol by ebulliometery (PAH)
Wine History/Discovery of thiols in fruity white wines	Wine History/Dried yeast introduced	Wine History/Drip irrigation widely adopted in Australia
Wine History/Elucidation of canopy management principles	Wine History/Elucidation of relationship between anthocyanin degradation and berry temperature	Wine History/Elucidation of relationship between berry and wine quality
Wine History/Elucidation of the life cycle of ''Saccharomyces cerevisiae'' yeast	Wine History/Elucidation of the life cycle of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast	Wine History/Emergence of minimal pruning
Wine History/Establishment of Foundation Plant Material Service in California	Wine History/Establishment of the complete genetic code	Wine History/Ethylene polymer cork-like product patented
Wine History/Expanded consumer preferences studies in emerging markets	Wine History/First 'Potter' fermenters introduced	Wine History/First Botrytis sweet Semillon made
Wine History/First DNA techniques for reliable wine yeast strain identification	Wine History/First application of consumer acceptance testing in wine research	Wine History/First attempts to mechanise grape harvesting
Wine History/First automatic bottling line introduced	Wine History/First clonal selection program initiated in Australia	Wine History/First commercialisation of a true S. bayanus yeast for enhancing wine flavour
Wine History/First continuous centrifuge	Wine History/First control measure for powdery mildew	Wine History/First cork factory
Wine History/First demonstration that ethanol formed by the fermentation of sugar	Wine History/First genetically engineered prototype wine yeast	Wine History/First horizontal air bag press
Wine History/First horizontal air bag press.	Wine History/First hybrid rootstocks released	Wine History/First isolation of tartaric acid from grapes
Wine History/First machine harvester brought to Australia	Wine History/First major vineyard planted	Wine History/First measurement of alcohol
Wine History/First microscopic observation of yeast cells	Wine History/First new varieties brought into South Australia	Wine History/First observation of bacteria in wine
Wine History/First observation of reduction in wine acidity	Wine History/First proof that fermentation is carried out by living cells of yeast	Wine History/First recognition of importance of wine phenolics
Wine History/First recognition of importance of wine phenolics (replace with something like: First proof that fermentation is carried out by living cells of yeast (PAH)	Wine History/First record of grape hybridisation	Wine History/First reference to oak chips
Wine History/First report of glass bottles for wine storage	Wine History/First stainless steel grape receival area	Wine History/First systematic review of stuck fermentation
Wine History/First transformation of yeast with cloned DNA	Wine History/First use of HCN as dormancy breaker for improved budburst	Wine History/First use of sprinklers for frost control
Wine History/Flavour chemistry of Muscat varieties understood	Wine History/Flavour precursor G-G assay developed	Wine History/Flavour scalping by some bottle closures
Wine History/Flor yeast introduced	Wine History/Flow-tap for back-in-box packaging patented	Wine History/Flow-tap for bag-in-box packaging patented
Wine History/Foamed thermoplastic resin cork patented	Wine History/Foundation of the Australian Vine Improvement Association	Wine History/Further development of mechanical pruning systems
Wine History/Further improvements in mechanical harvesting technology	Wine History/Further understanding of phenolic composition of grapes and wine	Wine History/Genetic blueprint of first Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed
Wine History/Genetic blueprint of the first grapevine variety revealed	Wine History/Genetic blueprint of the first malolactic bacterial strain revealed	Wine History/Genetic blueprint of the first wine yeast strain revealed
Wine History/Genetically improved bacteria, yeasts and grapevines	Wine History/Genome sequencing and comparisons among grape varieties and clones	Wine History/Genome sequencing and comparisons among malolactic bacteria
Wine History/Genome sequencing and comparisons among wine yeasts	Wine History/Glycosidase enzymes for liberating bound flavour commercially applied	Wine History/Grape sugar identified as glucose
Wine History/Grapevine breeding and emergence of French hybrids	Wine History/Grapevine fanleaf virus described	Wine History/Heat-proof management systems
Wine History/Heliothermic Index developed	Wine History/Hydrometer readings of (should this read 'sugar'? delete: alcohol (PAH) levels in wine	Wine History/Hydrometer readings of sugar levels in wine
Wine History/Import of first mechanical harvester in Australia and rapid uptake of mechanisation	Wine History/Importance of pH control in winemaking recognised	Wine History/Importance of pH in red winemaking
Wine History/Importation of vine cultivars	Wine History/Improved filtration	Wine History/Improvements in mechanical harvesting technology
Wine History/In California, rootstocks were imported	Wine History/Indicator vines used for indexing of grapevine viruses	Wine History/Inert gas cover
Wine History/Infrared aerial photography used for phylloxera detection	Wine History/Inoculation of wine fermentation with pure yeast cultures	Wine History/Inoculation of wine with malolactic bacteria
Wine History/Interactive physiological effect of rootstocks on fruit composition	Wine History/Introduction of automated remouage for sparkling wine production	Wine History/Introduction of automated remuage for sparkling wine production
Wine History/Introduction of balanced pruning	Wine History/Introduction of broad-spectrum fungicides for powdery mildew control	Wine History/Introduction of first commercial active dry wine yeast starter cultures
Wine History/Introduction of grape yield forecasting	Wine History/Introduction of new fungicides for disease control in vineyards	Wine History/Introduction of non-sulfur powdery mildew control agents
Wine History/Introduction of precision agriculture through remote sensing technologies	Wine History/Introduction of refrigeration allows production of high quality white wines in warmer climates	Wine History/Introduction of the concept of phylloxera-resistant rootstock
Wine History/Introduction of the first vine pruning system	Wine History/Introduction of the process of pasteurisation	Wine History/Introduction of vines and winemaking in the New World
Wine History/Isolation of pure yeast cultures	Wine History/Link between H2S production and must nitrogen content revealed	Wine History/Links between composition and perceived coarseness in white wines explored
Wine History/Lyre trellis system developed	Wine History/MLF observed in Australian wines	Wine History/Malolactic bacteria found to increase oakiness in wine
Wine History/Mechanical pruning of grapevines	Wine History/Mechanisation of leaf removal, shoot positioning and lifting of foliage wires	Wine History/Method development for measurements of wine composition
Wine History/Method for measuring grape colour developed	Wine History/Methoxypyrazines first identified in grapes	Wine History/Minimal pruning shown to be valid in cool climates
Wine History/Native plants as cover crops	Wine History/New MLF cultures introduced	Wine History/New analytical method for the isolation of wine tannins
Wine History/New analytical method for the isolation of wine tannins (delete - repeated from above (PAH)	Wine History/New disease control measures	Wine History/New hybrid wine yeast strains developed and commercialised
Wine History/Nitrogen management in vineyards and winery for optimal wine quality	Wine History/Objective quality measures	Wine History/Objectives definitions of wine styles
Wine History/PLEASE DELETE THIS RECORD	Wine History/Patent filed for Spinning Cone technology for alcohol removal and aroma capture	Wine History/Patent filed for a reverse osmosis process to remove unwanted substances
Wine History/Patent for diaphragm press filed	Wine History/Pectolytic enzymes introduced	Wine History/Postulation of the double helical structure of DNA
Wine History/Precision agriculture and remote sensing	Wine History/Predictive Biology	Wine History/Pressure fermentation tanks
Wine History/Problem of bacterial spoilage in fortified wine solved by Fornachon	Wine History/Progress in wine technology slowed down	Wine History/Quantification of sugar fermentation
Wine History/Rapid increase in use of cork as a seal for wine bottles	Wine History/Rapid spectral methods developed to analyse anthocyanins and predict tannin	Wine History/Ratio of fruit weight to wood recognised as the key to vine productivity and fruit quality
Wine History/Ratio of fruit weight to wood recognized as the key to vine productivity and fruit quality	Wine History/Real-time, automated irrigation systems	Wine History/Real-time yield estimations
Wine History/Recognition that numerous flavour compounds in wine derive from glycoside precursors	Wine History/Relationship between pH and SO2	Wine History/Release of improved French hybrid varieties
Wine History/Research on the effect of harvesters on the dispersal and spread of crawlers	Wine History/Research on the effect of mechanised crop thinning, pruning and harvesting	Wine History/Ripper method developed for measuring SO2 in wine
Wine History/Robotic pruners and other devices	Wine History/Role of grape derived precursors in releasing monoterpenes recognised	Wine History/Romans began with wood cooperage and the use of barrels
Wine History/Rootstock propagation in nurseries formalised	Wine History/Rootstock resistant to all phylloxera biotypes released	Wine History/Rotary drum vacuum filter developed
Wine History/Rotary fermentors developed	Wine History/SO2 analysis	Wine History/Salt-tolerant rootstocks released
Wine History/Selection and comparison of Vitis vinifera clones became standard practice in Australia	Wine History/Selective mechanical harvesters	Wine History/Soil-borne nematodes recognised as damaging pests of grapevines
Wine History/Soil-borne nematodes recognized as damaging pests of grapevines	Wine History/Spread of grapevine yellows elucidated	Wine History/Stainless steel fermenters introduced
Wine History/Stelvin sealed wines introduced into the Australian market	Wine History/Stelvin sealed wines introduced into the Australian market.	Wine History/Synthetic Biology
Wine History/Tannin concentration in wine	Wine History/Tannin concentration in wine (Replace with: Ripper method developed for measuring SO2 in wine (PAH)	Wine History/The 'Stelvin' screw cap wine seal developed
Wine History/The Smart-Dyson system for control of bunch exposure developed	Wine History/The beginning of the development of salt-tolerant rootstocks	Wine History/The concept of a horizontal drum pressed was patented
Wine History/The concept of a horizontal drum pressed was patented (Delete-repetition of above (PAH)	Wine History/The first cloning experiments with recombinant DNA	Wine History/The first use of NIR for alcohol measurements
Wine History/The history of winemaking parallels that of civilization	Wine History/The potent flavour compound damascenone identified in grapes	Wine History/The release broad-spectrum strobilurin fungicides
Wine History/The release broad-spectrum strobilurin fungicides (replace with: Genetic blueprint of first Saccharomyces cerevisiae revealed (PAH)	Wine History/The release of nematode-resistant rootstocks	Wine History/The use of oak chips permitted in the EU
Wine History/The use of refrigeration in fermentation	Wine History/Tissue analysis for determination of nutrient status	Wine History/Tools with which to manage environmental conditions
Wine History/Understanding of fundamental grapevine biology improved	Wine History/Use of small oak barrels becomes prevalent in New World winemaking	Wine History/Use of temperature controlled wine storage facility
Wine History/Varietal differentiation of grape juices by protein fingerprinting	Wine History/Vertical screw press patented	Wine History/Vine breeding programs
Wine History/Vine improvement programs	Wine History/Vine prunings mainly ceased to be burnt in the vineyard	Wine History/Vine prunings mainly ceased to be burnt in the vineyard.
Wine History/Wine aroma wheel developed	Wine History/Wine emerges with civilization from the East	Wine History/Wine first arrived in southern Europe and northern Africa
Wine History/Wine produced in Greece, Crete and the far East	Wine History/Wine produced in Greece and Crete (and the far East: PAH)	Wine History/Wine produced in India, China and most parts of Europe
Wine History/Wine references in Egypt and Phoenicia	Wine History/Yeast propagation introduced	Wine History/Yellow speckle viroid detected in grapevine
Wine History/screw cap wines largely removed from the Australian market	Wine History/‘Omics, bioinformatics and Computational and Systems Biology	Wine Microbiology

The Australian Wine Research Institute

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All pages with prefix

From Wine History